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What is Condominium Unit Title Deed (Or Chor 2) in Thailand?
Fact-checked by a REMAX Thailand Real Estate Expert
The Definition
In Thailand, a Condominium Unit Title Deed is the official land-office registration document that proves legal ownership of a specific condo unit. When people say “Or Chor 2” in Thai property conversations, they are usually referring to the condominium unit title deed/ownership registration record issued by the Department of Lands for that unit, not a general land title for the building site.
The Thai Legal Context
In Thailand, condominium ownership is governed primarily by the Condominium Act and the registration system administered by the Department of Lands. A condo unit can be owned freehold if it is within the project’s foreign quota (maximum 49% of the total sellable area) and the buyer qualifies under Thai law, including the foreign exchange remittance requirement. The title deed is legal proof of ownership, recording the owner’s name, unit details, and any encumbrances. This differs from Western systems because the deed does not mean ownership of the land beneath the building. Foreign buyers must ensure funds are remitted from abroad and correctly documented, while Thai nationals do not face quota restrictions. Common friction points include misunderstanding the quota, assuming the title covers land rights, failing to obtain proper foreign exchange evidence, and unexpected transfer costs.
Benefits & Risks
Advantages
- Gives the owner registered legal proof of ownership through the Land Department.
- Allows foreigners to own a Thai condo freehold if the quota and remittance rules are satisfied.
Risks & Disadvantages
- The project may already have reached the 49% foreign quota, blocking foreign purchase.
- Title transfer can be delayed or refused if foreign funds are not transferred and documented properly.
Showcase: How It Works
Let’s look at a real-world scenario to understand how Condominium Unit Title Deed (Or Chor 2) is applied during a property transaction.
The Scenario
- A German buyer wants to purchase a 2-bedroom condominium in Bangkok for THB 8,500,000.
- The building still has 10% foreign quota remaining.
- The buyer wires THB 8,500,000 equivalent from Germany into a Thai bank to secure foreign remittance evidence.
The Result
At transfer, the Land Department successfully records the buyer’s name on the condominium unit title deed, finalizing the process.
Outcome:The buyer becomes the registered legal owner of the condo unit.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is the condominium unit title deed the same as owning land in Thailand?
No. It proves ownership of the individual condo unit, while the land beneath the building remains subject to the condominium’s legal structure and is not the buyer’s separate land title.
Can a foreigner get a condominium unit title deed in Thailand?
Yes, if the unit is within the project’s foreign ownership quota and the buyer satisfies the remittance/documentation rules for registration.
What happens if the foreign quota is already full?
A foreign buyer generally cannot register freehold ownership in that project until quota becomes available, even if the seller is willing to sell.
Why It Matters
This term matters because it is the buyer’s proof that the condo is legally owned, not just paid for. If the title is not correctly registered, the buyer may have little protection when there is a dispute, resale, or transfer issue.
💡 REMAX Pro Tip
Before paying a deposit, have your agent verify three things at the Land Office: the unit’s title status, the project’s remaining foreign quota, and whether the seller can transfer cleanly without encumbrances.
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